Dextrose Prolotherapy

Dextrose prolotherapy involves injecting a concentrated sugar solution into ligaments, tendons, or joints. The solution creates a mild, controlled inflammatory response intended to stimulate strengthening and repair of connective tissue. It is often used for ligament instability, chronic tendon disorders, and degenerative joint arthritis. With ligament and tendinopathies, fenestration is performed. This refers to the repeated insertion and withdrawal of a needle through the tissue (after anesthetized) to create multiple small punctures. This reinitiates a controlled inflammatory healing response, converting a chronic, stalled injury into an acute phase that the body can remodel.

Corticosteroid Injections (Cortisone Injections)

Corticosteroid injections are anti-inflammatory medications placed directly into a joint, bursa, or around a tendon. They help reduce inflammation and pain, often providing relatively quick symptom relief. These injections are commonly used for arthritic flare-ups, bursitis, inflammatory tendon conditions, and painful joint effusions. 

Nearly all injections are done under ultrasound guidance. This allows visualization of the needle in real time, confirms accurate placement within the joint or around a tendon or nerve, and avoids nearby vessels or nerves. For major joints such as the shoulder, hip, and knee, ultrasound- guided injections demonstrate 91–100% accuracy, compared with 64–81% accuracy using landmark-based “by feel” techniques. By improving precision, ultrasound guidance enhances safety, reduces the risk of misplaced injections, and increases the likelihood that patients receive the intended therapeutic benefit.

Procedures & Conditions commonly Treated

Headache & Nerve-Related Procedures

Greater Occipital Nerve Block

A targeted injection near the greater occipital nerve to reduce irritation and calm nerve-related head pain.

• Occipital Neuralgia – Irritation of the occipital nerves causing sharp, electric-like pain in the back of the head.

• Posterior Headaches – Headaches centered in the back of the scalp and upper neck.

• Early/Acute Migraines – Recurrent neurologic headaches that may improve when treated early in the attack.

Sphenopalatine Ganglion (SPG) Block

A minimally invasive procedure targeting a nerve cluster involved in migraine signaling.

Soft Tissue & Myofascial Pain

Trigger Point Injection

A small injection placed into a tight, painful band of muscle to help relax spasm and reduce referred pain.

Elbow Conditions

Lateral Epicondylitis (Tennis Elbow)

Degeneration of the extensor tendon at the outer elbow causing pain with gripping or lifting; elbow joint arthritis may also contribute to pain and stiffness.

Medial Epicondylitis (Golfer’s Elbow)

Degeneration of the flexor tendon at the inner elbow causing pain with wrist flexion or forearm use; underlying elbow joint arthritis may also be present.

Hip Conditions

Greater Trochanteric Bursitis / Gluteal Tendinopathy

Inflammation or degeneration of the tendons and bursa along the outside of the hip causing lateral hip pain; hip joint arthritis can also contribute to overlapping symptoms.

Hip Osteoarthritis

Degenerative cartilage loss in the hip joint causing groin or lateral hip pain, stiffness, and reduced range of motion, often worse with weight-bearing activity.

Shoulder Conditions

Subacromial Impingement Syndrome

Compression and irritation of the rotator cuff tendons or bursa causing pain with overhead activity; shoulder arthritis may coexist.

Pain from Suspected Rotator Cuff Injury

Inflammation or partial tearing of the rotator cuff tendons leading to weakness and pain; glenohumeral arthritis may also contribute.

AC Joint Arthritis

Degenerative changes of the acromioclavicular joint causing pain at the top of the shoulder, especially with cross-body movement.

Biceps Tendonitis

Inflammation or degeneration of the long head of the biceps tendon causing anterior shoulder pain; shoulder arthritis may also be present.

Hand & Wrist Conditions 

De Quervain Tenosynovitis

Inflammation of the thumb extensor tendons at the wrist causing pain with gripping; wrist joint arthritis may coexist.

Trigger Finger

Thickening of a flexor tendon causing catching or locking of a finger; hand joint arthritis may also contribute to stiffness and pain.

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (with Hydrodissection)

Compression of the median nerve at the wrist causing numbness and tingling; wrist arthritis may coexist and contribute to symptoms.

Knee Conditions

Knee Osteoarthritis

Degenerative “wear-and-tear” cartilage loss in the knee joint causing pain, stiffness, swelling, and reduced mobility.

Patellar Tendinopathy (Jumper’s Knee)

Degeneration of the patellar tendon causing activity-related anterior knee pain, especially with running or jumping.

Quadriceps Tendinopathy

Degenerative irritation of the quadriceps tendon above the kneecap causing pain with squatting, stairs, or resisted extension.

Knee Ligament Sprains (ACL, MCL, LCL, PCL)

Injury or overstretching of stabilizing ligaments causing pain, swelling, and sometimes instability of the knee.

Pes Anserine Bursitis / Tendinopathy

Inflammation of the medial knee tendons or bursa causing pain along the inner knee. Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome Irritation of the kneecap joint causing anterior knee pain with stairs, squatting, or prolonged sitting; early patellofemoral arthritis may coexist.

Ankle/Foot conditions

Ankle Osteoarthritis

Degenerative cartilage loss in the ankle joint causing pain, stiffness, swelling, and reduced mobility.

Hallux Rigidus / First MTP (Great Toe) Osteoarthritis

Degenerative arthritis of the big toe joint causing stiffness and pain with push-off. 

Plantar Fasciitis

Degenerative irritation of the plantar fascia at the heel causing sharp pain with first steps.

Spinal injections are not performed as part of this clinical practice. Patients requiring spinal procedures are referred to specialists with expertise in interventional spine care.